Highways: In 1990 about 35,100 kilometers of roads, of which 31,200 hard-surface. Four main highways radiate from Tbilisi, roughly in the cardinal directions, to Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Black Sea. Tbilisi hub of Caucasus region's highway system.

Railroads: 1,421 kilometers of track in 1993. Main links with Russia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. Substantial disruption in 1992-93 by civil war and fuel shortages. Tbilisi hub of Caucasus region's rail transport.

Civil Aviation: National airline, Orbis, provides direct flights from Tbilisi to some West European cities. Passenger and cargo service limited by fuel shortages in 1991-94. Nineteen of twenty-six airports with permanent-surface runways in 1993 longest runway, at Novoalekseyevka near Tbilisi, about 2,500 meters.

Inland Waterways: None navigable by commercial shipping.

Ports: Batumi, Poti, and Sukhumi on Black Sea, with international shipping connections to other Black Sea ports and Mediterranean ports.

Pipelines: In 1992 approximately 370 kilometers of pipeline for crude oil, 300 kilometers for refined products, and 440 kilometers for natural gas. Subject to disruption.

Telecommunications: About 672,000 telephone lines in use in 1991, twelve per 100 persons long waiting list for installation. International links overland to CIS countries and Turkey lowcapacity satellite earth station in operation. Three television stations and numerous radio stations broadcast in Georgian and Russian.

Data as of March 1994